issue 1 - anxiety
Visual supports may provide structure, routine, encourage independence, reduce anxiety, improve understanding and offer the opportunity for everyone to interact (The National Autistic Society, 2003). Most children with an autism spectrum disorder have strengths in visual areas compared to other areas (Larkey, 2016).
Jacob has difficulties with his communication and this leads to anxiety in the classroom as he is unable to communicate his needs and wants. Through further development of his speech with help from his speech therapist, school and family, Jacob will eventually be able to express himself easier.
In the meantime, the plan is to help Jacob communicate to lessen the amount of anxiety he experiences in the classroom. This will be achieved with the use of communication/symbol cards. There are free and low cost options available for creating symbol cards such as www.sparklebox.co.uk, www.boardmakeronline.com and www.pecsaustralia.com. According to Larkey (2016) symbol cards should always reinforce literacy and the words should always be at the top with the symbol at the bottom. Children need to be exposed to literacy right throughout childhood and early school years. The cards can be placed on a key chain for ease of use and for ease of removal/adding of cards to suit the individual’s needs. |
Another trigger for Jacob’s anxiety is change in routine and transition between activities. The plan is to lessen Jacob’s anxiety by having a visual class schedule and an individual schedule to help Jacob understand what is happening throughout the day. Schedules are a vital tool for children with an autism spectrum disorder. Many children have difficulties accepting change and transition from one thing to another – a schedule helps them see and understand what is going to happen next (Larkey, 2016). Websites such as www.boardmakeronline.com and www.sparklebox.co.uk have options available for creating visual timetables such as the one shown here. A schedule gives the gift of predictability and solace for all those struggling through neurological stress (Rogers, 2013).
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